Resume vs CV: Which One Should You Use?

"Resume" and "CV" are often used interchangeably, but they're not the same. Using the wrong one for your country or field can hurt your chances. Here's when to use which.

What's the Difference?

Resume: A short, targeted summary (usually 1–2 pages) focused on relevance to the job. You tailor it per application and emphasize skills and achievements. Common in the US, Canada, and Australia for most roles.

CV (curriculum vitae): A longer, comprehensive record of your education, research, publications, teaching, and career. Often 2–10+ pages. Standard in the UK, Ireland, Europe, and in academia and medicine everywhere.

When to Use a Resume

Use a resume when applying for:

• Private-sector jobs in the US, Canada, Australia
• Most roles in tech, marketing, sales, operations, and general business
• Any job where the posting says "resume" or "résumé"

Keep it to 1–2 pages, tailor it to each job, and lead with impact and relevance.

When to Use a CV

Use a CV when:

• Applying in the UK, Ireland, or much of Europe (unless the employer asks for a "resume")
• Applying for academic, research, or teaching positions (postdoc, faculty, grant applications)
• Applying in medicine, science, or other fields where publications and detailed credentials matter

Include education, publications, presentations, grants, teaching experience, and full career history. Length varies by field.

When in Doubt

Check the job posting and the employer's careers page. If they say "CV" or "curriculum vitae," send a CV. If they say "resume" or "résumé," send a resume. For US private-sector non-academic roles, assume resume unless told otherwise.

The Bottom Line

Resume = short, tailored, achievement-focused. CV = longer, comprehensive, used in academia and in many countries outside the US. Use the one your audience expects.